Candle production process in Nigeria

Production of candle
Generally, candle composes of waste
petroleum products and an organic acid,
There is a part of this component that’s
combustible so it can supply light. As it
burns, the wax melts to release more,
thereby giving constant flame, The acid
controls the rate at which the wax melts.
Hence the burning rate is the of
consumption of the combustible material
and the melting of the wax..
The average size or dimension of a candle
is 2mm. It is therefore cylindrical in shape.
Besides paraffin wax, other solid fatty
materials like tallow can be used for candle
production.
The candle production is a bit complex
particularly when it is intended for
commercial purposes…
Apparatus /Equipment
1) Mould: This is the device into which the
candle solution is run so as to solidify and
take shape. It is a cylindrical tube made
usually 2mm by 18mm. The mould is open
on one end, while the other is like a cone
with small opening apex..
a) Machine Given the rigours which is
associated with production at large scale
using the single mould. It becomes very
necessary that machines be used. –
machine are in two forms… Electrical and
manual machine
1) Electric machine: like every other electric
machine ,the electric candle machine
depend on electricity for its power
generation.It has many components such as
motor-roller,heating elements etc. Which are
assembled together.The electric machine is
every efficient and easy to operate.
ii) Manuel Machine:This is a mechanically
operated machine .It depennds on Human
energy as its energy sourcez.It is therefore
very cumbersome to opereate.This imposes
a limit to thhe number of components that
can be assembled on the machine .
The components are therefore broken down
into several units.Other components as
moulds,projectors and conical terminal are
assembled in another or unit.
2)Heating system: This supplies the heat
energy needed for boiling or melting our
chemicals .These are electricity,gas burners
firewood etc
3) Boiler: This is the container in which the
solid chemicals are changed into liquid
before they can be used for production.It is
very important that the wax be melted first
in the boiler before the specified amount is
taken.This is the only means by which
accurate measure or the wax component of
the camdle can be made.In production boiler
is also used as the mixer .so it equally
serves as medium in which chemicals are
united to give the expected result.
4) Cooling Tank: This consist of a rectangle
tank or box through which a number of
moulds run,had opening at the either of the
rectangule surfaces..it has two openings one
above another below,.The coolong liquid
,usually water is run in through the upper
opening (inlet) and after circulating round
the modulus it goes out through the lower
opening (outlet).As the water circulates
round the mould ,it withdraws heat from
thrm and promotes the solidification..
5) containers: These enable thee producer to
measure the specified amount of chemicals
into the boiler.The container size depend on
the manufacture
6) Cartons:These are mainly for marketing of
the products they come in various sizes
dependingg on the manufacturer
7)wick: it is sometimes called twine.It is the
core of the camdle its the component that
burns with the aid of paraffin oil to give
flame.
Chemical
1) paraffin wax
2)paraffin oil
3)stearic Acid
4)Colourant